INTERMEDIATE FIRST YEAR BOTANY
UNIT-I: DIVERSITY IN THE LIVING WORLD PERIODS
Chapter 1 : The living world
What is living? Diversity in the living world; Taxonomic categories and taxonomical aids.
Chapter 2 : Biological Classification Five kingdom classification - Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae
and Animalia, Three domains of life (six kingdom classification),Viruses, Viroids, Prions & Lichens.
Chapter 3 : Science of plants - Botany Origin, Development, Scope of Botany and Branches of Botany.
Chapter 4 : Plant Kingdom Salient features, classification and alternation of generations of the plants of the following groups – Algae, Bryophytes,Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.
UNIT - II : STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN PLANTS- MORPHOLOGY
Chapter 5 : Morphology of flowering PlantsVegetative :Parts of a typical Angiospermic plant; Vegetative morphology and modifications- Root, Stem and Leaf- types; Venation,Phyllotaxy.Reproductive:Inflorescence – Racemose, Cymose and special types ( in brief).Flower : Parts of a flower and their detailed description;Aestivation, Placentation.
Fruits : Types- True, False and parthenocarpic fruits.
UNIT-III: REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS
Chapter 6 : Modes of Reproduction Asexual reproduction, binary fission, Sporulation, budding,
fragmentation, vegetative propagation in plants, Sexual reproduction in brief, Overview of angiosperm life cycle.
Chapter 7 : Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Stamen, microsporangium, pollen grain. Pistil, megasporangium(ovule) and embryo sac; Development of male and female gametophytes.Pollination – Types, agents , Out breeding devices and Pollen –Pistil interaction.Double Fertilization; Post fertilisation events: Development of endosperm and embryo; development of seed, Structure of Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous seeds, Significance of fruit and seed.Special modes – Apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony.
UNIT-IV: PLANT SYSTEMATIC S
Chapter 8 : Taxonomy of angiosperms Introduction.Types of Systems of classification (In brief).Semi- Technical description of a typical flowering plant Description of Families: Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Liliaceae.
UNIT-V: CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
Chapter 9 : Cell – The Unit of Life Cell- Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life- overview of the cell. Prokaryotic cells, Ultra Structure of Plant cell (structure in detailand functions in brief), Cell membrane, Cell wall, Cell organelles:Endoplasmic reticulum, Mitochondria, Plastids, Ribosomes,Golgi bodies, Vacuoles, Lysosomes, Microbodies, Centrosome and Centriole, Cilia, Flagella, Cytoskeleton and Nucleus.Chromosomes: Number, structural organization; Nucleosome.
Chapter 10 : Biomolecules
Structure and function of Proteins, Carbohydrates, Lipids and Nucleic acids.
Chapter 11 : Cell cycle and Cell Division Cell cycle, Mitosis, Meiosis - significance.
UNIT-VI: INTERNAL ORGANISATION OF PLANTS 25
Chapter 12 : Histology and Anatomy of Flowering Plants Tissues - Types, structure and functions: Meristematic;Permanent tissues - Simple and Complex tissues.Tissue systems - Types, structure and function: Epidermal,Ground and Vascular tissue systems.Anatomy of Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous plants -Root, Stem and Leaf.Secondary growth in Dicot stem and Dicot root.
UNIT-VII: PLANT ECOLOGY
Chapter 13 : Ecological Adaptations, Succession and Ecological Services Introduction.Plant communities and Ecological adaptations: Hydrophytes,Mesophytes and Xerophytes. Plant succession.Ecological services – Carbon fixation, Oxygen release and pollination (in brief).