FIRST SEMESTER BOTANY
Fundamentals of Microbes and Non-vascular Plants
Unit – 1:Origin of life and Viruses
1. Origin of life, concept of primary Abiogenesis;Miller and Urey experiment.Five kingdom classification of R.H. Whittaker
2. Discovery of microorganisms, Pasteur experiments, germ theory of diseases.
3. Shape and symmetry of viruses; structure and replication of TMV and Bacteria phage ; A brief account of Prions and Viroids.
4. A general account on symptoms of plant diseases caused by Viruses.Transmission of plant viruses and their control. 5. Significance of viruses in vaccine production,bio-pesticides and as cloning vectors
Unit – 2:Special groups of Bacteria and Eubacteria
1. Brief account of Archaebacteria, ActinomycetesandCyanobacteria.
2. Cell structure and nutritionof Eubacteria.
3. Reproduction- Asexual (Binary fission and endospores) and bacterial recombination (Conjugation, Transformation,Transduction).
4. Economic importance of Bacteria with reference to their role in Agriculture and industry (fermentation and medicine).
5. A general account on symptoms of plant diseases caused by Bacteria; Citrus canker.
Unit – 3: Fungi & Lichens
1. General characteristics of fungi and Ainsworth classification (upto classes).
2. Structure, reproductionand life history of(a)Rhizopus(Zygomycota)and (b)Puccinia (Basidiomycota).
3. Economic uses of fungi in food industry, pharmacy and agriculture.
4. A general account on symptoms of plant diseases caused by Fungi; Blast of Rice. 5. Lichens- structure and reproduction; ecological and economic importance
Unit – 4: Algae
1. General characteristics of Algae (pigments, flagella and reserve food material);Fritsch classification (upto classes).
2. Thallus organization and life cycles in Algae.
3. Occurrence, structure, reproduction and life cycle of (a) Spirogyra (Chlorophyceae) and (b) Polysiphonia (Rhodophyceae).
4. Economic importance of Algae.
Unit – 5:Bryophytes
1. General characteristics of Bryophytes; classification upto classes.
2. Occurrence, morphology, anatomy, reproduction (developmental details are not needed) and life cycle of (a) Marchantia (Hepaticopsida) and (b) Funaria(Bryopsida).
3. General account on evolution of sporophytes in Bryophyta